Electrospun fibers are a revolution in soft-tissue repair.
The unique properties of electrospun fibers have been shown to produce exceptional healing results, even in refractory wounds. Fibers range in diameter from sub-micron in scale to a few microns and are designed for similarity in size and organization to human extracellular matrix (ECM). The resulting matrix functions as a scaffold for tissue regeneration. Cellular infiltration is encouraged by the range of fiber diameters and porosity found in the synthetic hybrid-scale fiber matrix. Once placed in the tissue defect, cells proliferate. Throughout the healing process, the hybrid-scale fibers promote continued cellular ingrowth, while also working to maintain cellular retention and enable soft-tissue regeneration, neovascularization, and epithelialization.
The demonstrated advantages of engineered, fiber matrices over donor human and animal grafts have practical benefits for clinicians and patients. For some patients with ethical or religious concerns, matrices free or human and animal components present an option for healing consistent with personal preferences or faith. Additionally, because the engineered fibers are fully resorbable, there is no material left at the application site, minimizing the risk of chronic inflammation compared to the permanent implants,1 which can slow or limit healing in soft-tissues treated with traditional biologics. During application, electrospun fiber products are capable of conforming to tissue defect surfaces while also withstanding clinician handling and even suturing, if needed.
As healing progresses, the rate of resorption is controlled through an engineered resistance to enzymatic degradation2, designed to match tissue ingrowth. The persistent scaffold supports healing over a longer course of time with fewer applications required. Although the hybrid-scale fiber matrices do not contain active agents or drugs, the component material has been shown to lower pH in an in vitro study, which may protect the tissue defect site and support the healing process.3
The demonstrated capability of engineered fiber matrices to support healing in refractory wounds and tissue defects has introduced a new era in soft-tissue repair. 1
1,2,3 What Makes the Optimal Wound Healing Material? A Review of Current Science and Introduction of a Synthetic Nanofabricated Wound Care Scaffold